Chemistry thermo lab, Hesss Law Essay Example for Free

Science thermo lab, Hesss Law Essay Presentation: In this lab, we will decide the adjustment in enthalpy for the burning response of magnesium (Mg) utilizing Hess’s law. Technique: 1. Respond around 100 mL of 1.00 M hydrochloric corrosive with 0.80 g of MgO. Note the adjustment in temperature and any subjective information. 2. Respond around 100 mL of 1.00 M hydrochloric corrosive with 0.50 g of Mg. Note the adjustment in temperature and any subjective information. Crude Data: Quantitative: Response, preliminary Mass ( ± 0.01 g) Introductory temperature ( ± 0.1㠢â ° C) Last temperature ( ± 0.1㠢â ° C) Volume of HCl ( ± 0.05 mL) Response 1, Trial 1 0.80 22.0 26.9 100.00 Response 1, Trial 2 0.80 22.2 26.9 100.00 Response 2, Trial 1 0.50 21.6 44.4 100.00 Response 2, Trial 2 0.50 21.8 43.8 100.00 Subjective: 1. Hydrochloric corrosive is lackluster and scentless 2. Magnesium tape is gleaming in the wake of cleaning it from oxidants, expanding its virtue. 3. In the two responses, the arrangement turned out to be bubbly. 4. There was a solid smell from the response. Information Processing: Preliminary 1: Response 1: To begin with, we need to compute the ÃŽT by deducting the last temperature by beginning temperature: 1. 2. 3. Presently we compute the mass of the arrangement, accepting it has the thickness as water: 1. 2. 3. 4. Presently, we can utilize q=mc ÃŽT to compute the vitality picked up by the arrangement: 1. 2. 3. Accordingly: 1. Presently, we need to compute the quantity of moles for MgO: 1. 2. 3. We would now be able to compute the adjustment in enthalpy by isolating the q of the response by the moles of the constraining reagent: 1. Presently, we do response 2, preliminary 1 so we can utilize Hess’s law to compute the adjustment in enthalpy of arrangement, yet first we will figure the vulnerability in this articulation: To begin with, we compute the vulnerability for the: 1. 2. 3. Presently for mass: 1. 2. With respect to the vitality picked up: 1. 2. Presently for the vitality of the response: 1. It is increased by a whole number (- 1) so it is the equivalent unc. With respect to the moles: 1. 2. At long last, the adjustment in enthalpy: 1. 2. 3. Response 2: To begin with, we need to figure the ÃŽT by deducting the last temperature by introductory temperature: 1. 2. Presently we compute the mass of the arrangement, accepting it has the thickness as water: 1. 2. 3. Presently, we can utilize q=mc ÃŽT to compute the vitality picked up by the arrangement: 1. 2. Accordingly: 1. Presently, we need to compute the quantity of moles for MgO: 1. 2. We would now be able to figure the adjustment in enthalpy by isolating the q of the response by the moles of the constraining reagent: 1. I will currently compute the vulnerabilities: In the first place, we figure the vulnerability for the: 1. 2. Presently for mass: 1. 2. With respect to the vitality picked up: 1. 2. Presently for the vitality of the response: 1. It is increased by a whole number (- 1) so it is the equivalent unc. With respect to the moles: 1. 2. At last, the adjustment in enthalpy: 1. 2. 3. Presently, we use Hess’s law to figure the difference in enthalpy of arrangement: 1. MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l) 2. Mg (s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2 (g) 3. H2(g) + 0.5 O2(g) H2O(l) (given) By turning around response number 1, we can get our focused on response: Mg (s) + 0.5 O2(g) MgO(s) Presently to compute the difference in enthalpy, which will be the difference in enthalpy of arrangement? 1. 2. Our conclusive outcome is: 1. Mg (s) + 0.5 O2(g) MgO(s) Arbitrary blunder and percent mistake: We can figure the arbitrary blunder by simply including the irregular mistakes of the part responses: 1. 2. 3. Concerning the percent blunder: 1. 2. 3. Preliminary 2: Response 1: To start with, we need to compute the ÃŽT by taking away the last temperature by introductory temperature: 1. 2. Presently we ascertain the mass of the arrangement, accepting it has the thickness as water: 1. 2. 3. Presently, we can utilize q=mc ÃŽT to ascertain the vitality picked up by the arrangement: 1. 2. 3. Hence: 1. Presently, we need to ascertain the quantity of moles for MgO: 1. 2. 3. We would now be able to compute the adjustment in enthalpy by separating the q of the response by the moles of the constraining reagent: 1. Presently, we do response 2, preliminary 1 so we can utilize Hess’s law to ascertain the adjustment in enthalpy of development, yet first we will compute the vulnerability in this articulation: To begin with, we figure the vulnerability for the: 1. 2. 3. Presently for mass: 1. 2. With respect to the vitality picked up: 1. 2. Presently for the vitality of the response: 1. It is duplicated by a whole number (- 1) so it is the equivalent unc. With respect to the moles: 1. 2. At long last, the adjustment in enthalpy: 1. 2. 3. Response 2: To begin with, we need to compute the ÃŽT by deducting the last temperature by beginning temperature: 1. 2. Presently we compute the mass of the arrangement, expecting it has the thickness as water: 1. 2. 3. Presently, we can utilize q=mc ÃŽT to compute the vitality picked up by the arrangement: 1. 2. Consequently: 1. Presently, we need to compute the quantity of moles for MgO: 1. 2. We would now be able to compute the adjustment in enthalpy by isolating the q of the response by the moles of the constraining reagent: 1. I will presently compute the vulnerabilities: Initially, we ascertain the vulnerability for the: 1. 2. Presently for mass: 1. 2. Concerning the vitality picked up: 1. 2. Presently for the vitality of the response: 1. It is duplicated by a number (- 1) so it is the equivalent unc. Concerning the moles: 1. 2. At long last, the adjustment in enthalpy: 1. 2. 3. Presently to ascertain the difference in enthalpy, which will be the difference in enthalpy of arrangement: 1. 2. Our conclusive outcome is: 1. Mg (s) + 0.5 O2(g) MgO(s) Irregular mistake and percent blunder: We can compute the irregular blunder by simply including the arbitrary mistakes of the segment responses: 1. 2. 3. With respect to the percent mistake: 1. 2. 3. Prepared information: Preliminary 1 Preliminary 2 of response 1 - 104 kJ/mol ( ± 2.10%) - 99 kJ/mol ( ± 2.19%) of response 2 - 463 kJ/mol ( ± 0.509%) - 446 kJ/mol ( ± 0.525%) of MgO - 645 kJ/mol ( ± 2.61%) - 633 kJ/mol ( ± 2.72%) End and Evaluation: In this lab, we decided the standard enthalpy change of arrangement of MgO utilizing Hess’s law. To begin with, we responded HCl with MgO for the main response and got - 104 kJ/mol ( ± 2.10%) for preliminary 1 and - 99 kJ/mol ( ± 2.19%) for preliminary 2. Concerning response 2, where you respond, I got - 463 kJ/mol ( ± 0.509%) for preliminary 1 and - 446 kJ/mol ( ± 0.525%) for preliminary 2. At the point when we use Hess’s Law, we need to invert response 1 to get the focused on condition, Mg (s) + 0.5 O2(g) MgO(s), and we get an enthalpy change estimation of - 645 kJ/mol ( ± 2.61%) for preliminary 1, and - 633 kJ/mol ( ± 2.72%) for preliminary 2. For preliminary 1, my worth got a percent mistake of 7.14%, which isn't that terrible considering the shortcomings this lab had that will be examined in the assessment. Be that as it may, in preliminary 2, I showed signs of improvement percent mistake, which is 5.15%, we showed signs of improvement esteem since we had a greater ÃŽH values hence while including them (since one of them is sure and the other two is negative) we get a littler incentive for the enthalpy change of arrangement subsequently carrying us closer to the hypothetical worth. The greatest shortcoming in this lab was the polluting influence of the substances, the presumptions that we made about the HCl arrangement, for instance, we expected that the particular warmth limit of the arrangement is equivalent to water, which is a suspicion that is anything but a 100% exact and influenced our ÃŽH esteems for the two responses and inevitably our last ÃŽHf esteem. To fix this, In the distinctive scope of explicit warmth limit esteems, 4.10 j/g k would have been progressively fitting to draw nearer to our hypothetical qualities, as you get a greater qrxn values along these lines greater ÃŽH values. Something else that I saw is that the hypothetical worth that I got was the â€Å"Standard† enthalpy change of arrangement. Standard significance at standard conditions which are at 293 K and 101.3 kPa for pressure. These weren’t the conditions in the lab when I did the test. This may change the trial esteem nearer to the hypothetical worth lessening the percent blunder.

Hotel and Hospitality Management Experienced Employees

Question: Examine about the Hotel and Hospitality Management for Experienced Employees. Answer: Presentation Crown tries to empower and advance its arrangement of decent variety and value by finding a way to hold and pull in qualified and experienced workers, Board of individuals, and senior administration. It takes out unjustifiable, unseemly, and fake obstructions every now and then. In addition, Crown makes exacting move against wrong practices at working environment, for example, badgering and segregation. It gives adaptability and makes a working environment culture that is comprehensive and qualities the individuals who are committed. The Company attempts to round out the situation based on merit. Additionally, the organization offers preparing and improvement program for its workers so as to create specialized, authority, and the executives abilities (Crownresorts.com.au, 2016). The enrollment, preparing, progression the board, value, and decent variety arrangements embraced by Crown are especially compelling as mindfulness is created among workers because of preparing. Such arrangements of Crown help to hold representatives and furthermore help in the vocation development of the workers. English language learning classes are likewise viable as it improves the composed and oral aptitudes of representatives. Such preparing and advancement projects would be valuable over the long haul (Bond and Haynes 2014). To hold representatives, Crown must distinguish the necessities of the workers and take quantifies in like manner. The Company can build up an employing methodology to expand decent variety of workforce. It is essential to interface with the representatives. It is similarly critical to request referrals from the representatives to expand the workforce. Additionally, the Company and build up an equivalent open door work that follows the rules set up by the administration. In addition, workers must not be segregated based on their station, sex, ethnicity, or age. The approaches embraced by the organization must be actualized. References Bond, M.A. also, Haynes, M.C., 2014. Work environment decent variety: A socialecological system and strategy implications.Social Issues and Policy Review,8(1), pp.167-201. Crownresorts.com.au. (2016). Crown - Crown Resorts. [online] Available at: https://www.crownresorts.com.au/[Accessed 18 Nov. 2016].

Moral Hierarchy Society and Love in Austens Pride and Prejudice - Literature Essay Samples

Moral Hierarchyby Katherine ShepherdApril 11, 2002Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice captures the essence of English Regency society while using unique characterizations to illustrate the effects of society on the individual. The evolution of one of Austens most prominent characters, Fitzwilliam Darcy, highlights the difficulty of overcoming societys rigid class distinctions, proving that any attempt to thwart love is in vain. Over the course of the novel, Darcy undergoes a remarkable transformation. The pressures of the strictly regimented, class-governed society form the foundations of Darcys contemptuous character at the start of the novel. As he finds himself challenged by the power of love, however, Darcy begins to abandon his need to maintain superior societal status and allows himself to be persuaded by his natural inclinations. Darcys evolution continually challenges our initial perceptions, offering a vivid depiction of the inner struggle between vanity and morality. His char acter serves to illustrate Austens belief that while social forces may hinder love, an individual can be free to experience loves splendor if he is able to overcome his prejudices. Ultimately, it is Darcys decency and integrity that prevail over his need to conform to societal expectations, and this realization finally enables him to surrender to his desire. In the beginning of the novel, Darcy is a man whose life is dominated by his prejudices. His provincial views make it impossible for him to involve himself with a woman of lower social status. The primary indication of his foolishness occurs when he heartlessly rejects his admirer, Elizabeth, entirely based on her lower social standing. Lacking tenderness and infused with pride, Darcy cannot and will not be seen with a woman who is disdained by other men of his standing. To do so would be suicide to his reputation, and it is his reputation that he values above all else. His pride and refusal to go against the grain of society bl ind him from recognizing Elizabeths charm and radiant beauty. As the plot develops, it becomes clear that Darcy is falling victim to the powerful pull of love, and it is increasingly more difficult for him to sustain his rigid priorities. His revelation is best described in the narrative: no sooner had he made it clear to himself and his friends that she had hardly a good feature in her face that he began to find it was rendered uncommonly intelligent by the beautiful expression of her dark eyes. This discovery takes place at the exact moment when Darcy abandons his critical eye, and allows his pride to take second place to his passion. Elizabeths physical flaws are no longer viewed as failings, but rather as elements that serve only to illuminate her true perfection. Darcys sincere appreciation for Elizabeths unfashionable manner entirely changes his disposition. Darcy experiences no small amount of guilt and regret when he ultimately comes to recognize the severity of his prejudic es, and desperately attempts to compensate for his earlier ignorance by professing his love for Elizabeth. Nevertheless, he subconsciously stumbles over his pride and dwells on her inferiority rather than expressing his sincere admiration and highlighting her attractive qualities. Elizabeth remains blind to Darcys newfound righteousness, viewing his proposition as an insult and holding on tightly to her original skepticism. Though Elizabeth coldly rejects his proposal with so little endeavor at civility, the event marks the turning point in the novel, when virtue triumphs over vanity. It is undoubtable that Darcys revelation is responsible for his dramatic character transformation. The elite society in which Darcy was raised instilled within him a hierarchical sense of superiority and a fixed code of conduct that dominated every aspect of his interpersonal relationships. Darcy is, initially, a reflection of the elite population that chooses to remain faithful to this code of conduct even if it flies in the face of true passion. True love, however, reveals itself to be the single most influential force on Darcys psyche. Love challenges him to question his need to conform to the dictates of society, and it is the only force powerful enough to alter his judgment. Elizabeth cannot fathom the notion that his transformation has taken place in the name of love, and she doubtfully remarks, Why is he so altered? From what can it proceed? It cannot be for me, it cannot be for my sake that his manners are thus softened. My reproofs at Hunsford could not work a change such as this. In truth, however, it is Elizabeth who is chiefly responsible for Darcys alteration, and his change eventually prompts her to recognize her own vanity and folly. Until each of the characters casts aside his or her own prejudices, they are unable to admit their love for one another. Darcy and Elizabeths relationship stands as evidence that even in a society where love and marriage are ruled by class distinctions, it is not impossible to overstep the bounds of discrimination and find a love that is not permeated by superficiality. While it is unlikely that one will entirely forsake all rudimentary biases for the mere idea of love, it is still possible that these prejudices can be overcome. Although Darcy and Elizabeth are very much aware of the social pressures that surround them, they do not allow these burdens to impede their love. It is their strength of character that allows them to escape the social norms and dictate the course of their own fate.

Pessimism In Clocks And Lovers By W. H. Auden - 934 Words

The world is full of optimistic people who have plenty of hope for the future, but it is also full of pessimists who are there to bring those optimists back to earth. In Clocks and Lovers by W. H. Auden, the clocks are the pessimists and the lover is the optimist. By using exaggerations and personification, Auden contrasts the two personalities with an interesting twist. The optimistic lover floats high above the clouds in a daydream of his own, saying his love will never end, while the clocks, or pessimists, constantly remind him of reality. While the lover is under the illusion that love outlasts time, the omniscient clocks ruin his fantasy with the reality that Time will always win in the end. W. H. Auden uses personification in his†¦show more content†¦W. H. Auden also uses personification with the lover in the fifth stanza, â€Å"And the seven stars go squawking / Like geese about the sky.† These two lines are a simile as well as personification, but the lover is still using personification to show his undying love toward his beloved. Later in the poem, after the clocks have discouraged the lover with their harsh reality, the lover describes a glacier knocking in the cupboard, a desert sighing in the bed, and a crack in the tea-cup that opens up a â€Å"lane to the land of the dead.† This stanza depicts part of an old and broken down house that is a symbol for his dried out love. With the personification of the glacier and the desert, Auden gives the reader an idea of a trapped glacier and a worn out desert that circles back to the love the lover used to have. At this point, the clock’s predictions have come true and the lover’s love has dried out, just like the desert mentioned in the poem. The glacier â€Å"knocking in the cupboard† represents the lover’s trapped state in the love he has promised would be forever. The clocks also use exaggeration to drive their point home. By using hyperboles to push their reminder of death farther than is needed, the clocks force their point into the lover’s mind. The clocks remind the lover â€Å"O let not time deceive you,

Aristotle

Aristotle-The Politics Essay Aristotle believes that the chief ingredient for a life of happiness is virtue. Virtue is a state of the soul that disposes and prompts our actions and is meant to guide our behaviors in society and enable us to practice moderation. Aristotle believes that human happiness, which is not to be equated with the simple-minded pursuit of pleasure, stems from fulfilling human potentialities. These potentialities can be identified by rational choice, practical judgment, and recognition of the value of choosing the mean instead of extremes. The central moral problem is the human tendency to want to acquire more and to act unjustly whenever one has the power to do so. According to Aristotle happiness is the highest good and the goo life comes from the realization and perfect practice of virtue.In order to lead a life of goodness there must be a foundation of adequate health (goods of the body), adequate wealth (external goods, property), and goods of the soul (virtue, wisdom). People think that a moderate amount of virtue is enough, but set no limit to their desires of wealth and property, power, reputation, and all such things.. . i.e. of external goods. (1323 a35-40) Happiness is more often found in those who are cultivated in their mind and in their character, and have only a moderate share of external goods, than among those who possess extensive external goods but are lacking in higher qualities. The good life you lead or experience is an inner sense of well being. This is the active life of virtue and this is all for the sake of the soul. We may therefore join in agreeing that the amount of happiness which falls to each individual man is equal to the amount of his goodness and his wisdom, and of the good and wise acts that he does. 1323b21 Aristotle said we must act naturally in order to be happy. He believes nature is our guide and that nothing is good which is contrary to nature. According to Aristotle there are two types of reason that, if used well, will make you happy. The first type is calculative reason. Calculative reason is practical wisdom which leads to moral virtue. Included in the Aristotelian moral virtues are temperance, courage, liberality, gentleness, and proper pride. The idea behind this kind of practical wisdom involves knowing how to allocate time judging the right moment to switch back and forth between practical action and intellectual activity, so as to strike the right balance between means and ends. The second type of reason is speculative reason, which is used to deduce the true nature of reality. Speculative reason is also referred to as scientific reason. There are four ways Aristotle thinks it is important to use scientific reason to really know happiness. The first is thought. We are most like the gods when we use thought. Second is that the quality of the pleasures one pursues must be marvelous in purity and duration. Third is independent thought or self-sufficiency. The fourth is that the process of learning is a joy and is rewarding in and of itself. Thus reason, if exercised well, will bring happiness and well-being. Use your reason well and you will be fulfilled. (Kaplan lecture, October 2000) Another important ingredient in the pursuit of happiness is leisure. There must be adequate free time to organize ideas and grow our knowledge or speculative reason. The city or ideal polis facilitates the nature of a good life. A good life is a life of active goodness involving fortitude, temperance, justice and wisdom. Aristotle is clearly against imperialist and military cities because he believes they are unjust, however he believes fortitude is a virtue because a collective readiness to defend ones country is required (but not desirable). The ideal city should not be overly populous one so that top citizens can be properly acquainted with one another. The ideal polis maximizes the opportunity for its citizens to display goodness and afford happiness. .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 , .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .postImageUrl , .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 , .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95:hover , .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95:visited , .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95:active { border:0!important; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95:active , .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95 .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud62290d93549ba901cefeec22a8a3d95:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Counseling Psychology Graduate Admissionss Essay In the ideal polis, the foundation of the ideal social structure is based on serfs and slaves. That is, it is implicit in Aristotles conception of the good life that not everyone is meant to achieve goodness and that these people are better off serving those who can. Elite citizens own property, but it is the slaves and serfs that farm and run this property, and do all the necessary work that is not associated with political activity. In the ideal state the elite citizens always have time for leisure activities and political activities thanks to serfs and slaves. Leisure is based on participation in political activities, recreation (rest and rejuvenation) and cultivation of the mind. Public service is part of life in the ideal polis but it is important to note that these political activities always include time for leisure. During the younger years one engages in civil activities including military and defense. The middle years are devoted to government. During the older years one is to be responsible for the conduct of public worship in the church. In accordance with his goal of goodness for full citizens, Aristotle has a unique approach to the proper use of land to help create equality in society. In this ideal world the soul and body are taken care of by the city. To accomplish this he believes that the top citizens should not be committed to one type of land use but instead they should have public land and private land. Public land is to be used for service of the gods, and provides food and income for the clergy. Public land also facilitates collective feeding, a system of common meals available for citizens and their family (adequate health). Because land near the border is more likely to be taken over by neighboring states private land is separated into two plots. One plot near the center of the city and one plot of land close to the border. This would allow each citizen adequate wealth and help with foreign affairs. A state cannot be happy unless it prospers and Aristotle argues that the above system will lead to prosperity and virtue. Finally, Aristotles education system is required to obtain his goal of active goodness. First, a uniform system of public education prepares one for military service. There are four phases in Aristotles system and the purpose of his curriculum is to foster moral virtue, useful knowledge and readiness for the proper use of leisure. The first stage is early childhood which begins at birth and continues until age seven. During this stage training is done at home because it is important that kids start with the right familial influence. Aristotle favors censorship, and does not want small children exposed to foul language (he actually punished people for using profanity. ) Furthermore, if home, the young cannot mingle with the slaves and contract slave-like habits. The second phase comes at age seven through puberty. The emphasis here is on physical training with a focus on the development of courage. The aim here is to be physically fit and capable of military service and not be burdened by mental activities. Aristotle does not want to burden adolescents by dividing their time between training of the mind and training of the body. The next educational phase attacks the mind and begins during puberty. Here the emphasis shifts to the mind with training in reading, writing, drawing and music. Phase four begins early in the high school years. The aim of this training is preparation for the military and includes hard physical training and a strict diet. According to Aristotle a proper social structure and education system will result in a life of active goodness for the individual and the collective society.

Mercedes Benzs E-Biz Solution Essay Example

Mercedes Benzs E-Biz Solution Essay Free Case Study | Mercedes Benzs E-Biz Solution: The Factory Delivery Reservation System | Free | Case Studies | Case Study in Business, Management Case Details Themes: e-Supply Chain Management Case Length: 06 Pages Period: 1990-2001 Organization : SciQuest. com Pub Date : 2002 Teaching Note : Available Countries : USA Industry : Information Technology (Electronic Commerce) Mercedes Benzs E-Biz Solution: The Factory Delivery Reservation System One of our most fundamental goals in developing the system was to strengthen and market the Mercedes-Benz brand in the United States. The fact that we would be one of the first car manufacturers in the United States to have a factory delivery program would be seen as a very positive thing in this regard. William Engelke, Assistant Manager, IT Systems, Mercedes Benz US International, commenting on the FDRS. Linking Customers By 2000, Mercedes Benz United States International (MBUSI), builder of the high-quality MClass sports utility vehicle (SUV), established itself as a company that also delivered superior customer services. One such service was the delivery option where by the customer could take delivery of the vehicle at the factory in Alabama, US. We will write a custom essay sample on Mercedes Benzs E-Biz Solution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mercedes Benzs E-Biz Solution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mercedes Benzs E-Biz Solution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The program called the Factory Delivery Reservation System (FDRS), enabled MBUSI to create and validate 1800 orders per hour. FDRS also automatically generated material requirements and Bills of Material1 for 35,000 vehicles per hour. The Customer Relationship Management (CRM) solution that made FDRS possible was based on Lotus Domino2 and IBM Netfinity3 server4. Analysts felt that with its innovative use of the new program, MBUSI not only managed to improve its customer relations by providing the best service, but also demonstrated its commitment to customers by making them an integral part of the process. Customers were, in a way linked directly to the factory floor – which was a powerful sales tool. Background: Mbusi and its Business Challenges MBUSI was a wholly-owned subsidiary of DaimlerChrylser AG. 5 In 1993, Daimler Benz realized that the Benz brand could be extended to wider market segments. Traditionally, Mercedes Benz6 appealed to older and sophisticated customers only. Daimler Benz wanted to attract customers below 40 years of age, who wanted a rugged vehicle with all the safety and luxury features of a Mercedes. Daimler Benz decided to develop a SUV known as the M-Class. It expected strong demand for the new vehicle and therefore planned to build its first car-manufacturing facility – MBUSI – in the (Tuscaloosa, Alabama) US. The MBUSI facility had many advantages. First, labor costs in the US were almost half that of in Germany. Second, the US was the leading geographic market for SUVs. Third, as the vehicles were assembled in the US, they could be distributed to Canada and Mexico more efficiently. In January 1997, the factory started production at partial capacity and by the end of the year, it was producing at full capacity. By 2000, the factory was rolling out around 380 vehicles per day. The new M-Class „allactivityvehicle represented a new concept for the company. Also, mass customization required that each vehicle be treated as a separate project, with its own Bill of Material. To deal with these challenges, Daimler Benz decided to implement an enterprise wide Information Technology (IT) system, with the help of IBM Global Services7. To further strengthen the image of Mercedes Benz in the US, MBUSI planned to deliver vehicles at the factory, becoming the first international automobile manufacturer in the US to do so. MBUSI also wanted to enrich the customersexperience. Commented William Engelke, â€Å"The factory delivery option gives Mercedes-Benz customers something that they do not get from other automobile manufacturers which is why we think the program will resonate with our customers. We think that having the factory delivery program available to Mercedes customers adds to the overall experience of the customer. † The Design of FDRS The FDRS program was proposed in the first quarter of 1998. In the third quarter of 1998, MBUSI entered into a contract with IBM. A development team was constituted with IBM Global Solutions specialists and IBM e-commerce developers, who worked closely with MBUSI. The program became operational by the first quarter of 1999. The IT team at MBUSI had a clear set of functional specifications for FDRS. However, they relied on IBM to transform the concept into an e-business solution. The FDRS was designed in such a way that customers buying the M-Class SUV could specify that will take delivery of their new vehicle at the factory. They could place the order at any of the 355 Mercedes Benz dealers in the US. An authorized employee at the dealership entered the factory delivery order the web interface. Timing was the most important aspect of the FDRSfunctionality, as it was closely linked with MBUSIs vehicle production schedule. Mercedes Benz United States of America (MBUSA)8, based in Montvale, NJ, was the first link in the FDRS program. It was the point where the dealer actually placed the order. MBUSAs role was to coordinate the distribution of vehicles to dealers across the country. Later, it had to add the order to the companys Baan Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)9system, which scheduled the order for production. About three months before the production date, the dealer could schedule in a window, the date and time of arrival of the customer at the factory for delivery. The window was then automatically computed by the FDRS to give the dealer, the possible delivery dates. Apart from the delivery date, the customer could also specify the accessories for the car and also request a factory tour. FDRS was based on Lotus Domino (Refer Exhibit I), Lotus Enterprise Integrator10 and IBM Netfinity servers. It also interfaced with IBM S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server, Model 9672-R45 located in Montvale, NJ (Refer Figure I). There were two Domino servers – an IBM Netfinity 5500 and an IBM Netfinity 3000. FIGURE I SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE OF FDRS Source: MBUSI The former that acted as the „internal Domino serverwas placed behind a firewall 11. It replicated databases through the firewall to the external server. The replication, which was encrypted, represented the primary means by which the FDRS system achieved security. Netfinity 3000 acted as an „external Domino server. It had public information and was also the primary communication linkage for dealers. The ack-end of the FDRS was equipped with an Oracle database that updated the internal Domino server database with order information. The updation was done using Lotus Enterprise Integrator. The data which was replicated to the internal Domino server included lists of valid dealers and lists of order numbers. When an order was placed by the dealer on the FDRS system, the data was first stored on the external Domino server, after which it w as replicated to the internal Domino server. Then it was replicated to the back-end database via the Lotus Enterprise Integrator. Data replication between the Lotus Notes servers happened every 15 minutes and data exchange with the back-end database three times per day. There was also a link between the back end database and an IBM S/39012 mainframe based system located at MBUSA via a T113 line. MBUSA managed the flow of vehicles to Mercedes dealers across the United States. This mainframe based system, received new vehicle orders (as opposed to factory delivery reservation requests) from individual dealers. The orders were then sent to MBUSIs Baan system and also to the back-end database. The vehicle ordering and factory reservation data were coordinated with each other when the back-end database uploaded the data to the internal Domino server. This coordinated the production and delivery information. FDRS Implementation One of the most challenging aspects of the implementation seemed to be the complexity of the Lotus and Domino scripts. The development team had to group all the information from diverse systems. Commented William Engelke, â€Å"There was a substantial amount of very complex coding involved in the FDRS solution. This application involves a lot more than having our dealers fill out a form and submitting it. There are many things the servers have to do for the system to function properly, such as looking at calendars and production schedules. We built a solution with some very advanced communication linkages. † IBM faced many technical challenges during the implementation of the program. One of them was the different timing schemes of the Lotus Notes databases and backend databases (ERP). This led to discrepancies in the data. Domino server was a Near Real Time (NRT) Server14, and MBUSIs backend activities were both real time15and batch processing16. Also, to get the best results, the Domino server was an optimised subset of the ERP table set17. However, the development team achieved a balance between the two „sidesof the solution by focusing on issues of timing, error detection schemes, and alerts. Customer Satisfaction: FDRS Primary Benefit MBUSI seemed to measure FDRSsuccess in terms of increased satisfaction of its customers. The company also believed that the marketing and customer satisfaction aspects outweighed the significance of more traditional cost-based benefits. Apart from the factory delivery experience, the program also offered the customer a factory tour and ride on the off-road course at a low cost. The company also seemed to gain strategic marketing benefits from the FDRS program, as it was able to establish Mercedes-Benz as a premium brand. (Refer Table I for advantages of FDRS in different areas). Customers could also visit the various tourist spots in Alabama after picking up their M-class vehicles. TABLE I ADVANTAGES OF THE FDRS PROGRAM AREA Strategic Marketing Benefits Cost Savings ADVANTAGES FDRS was expected to improve customer satisfaction and brand loyalty, as it enriched Mercedes customers experience. The program also strengthened the brand image of Mercedes in the US. Development of a web-based solution enabled MBUSI to offer the factory delivery program at substantially lower costs, due to less reliance on administrative personnel. â€Å"Package Marketing† the FDRS program with a ride to tourist sites, enhanced the image of Alabama as a tourist destination. The creation of a similar – albeit smaller – factory delivery system to the European Customer Delivery Center in Sindelfingen, Germany, reflected favorably on the MBUSI business unit. Source: MBUSI Regional Economic Development DaimlerChrysler AG Future of FDRS In 2000, MBUSI planned to leverage FDRSplatform by adding a range of other services. MBUSI built an advanced platform to create communication links to its suppliers. Through the link, MBUSI provided them feedback on the quality of supplies it received. The dealers and suppliers had a user-ID and password, which the system recognized. It then routed them into the appropriate stage of the FDRS. The company also planned to extend the innovative system to include transactional applications such as ordering materials and checking order status on the Web. The company expected that the new system based on FDRS, would be more cost-effective than the Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)18 system. ] Bill of Material keeps track of all raw materials, parts, and subassemblies used to create a finished product. 2] A product of IBM Corp. , Lotus Notes and Domino R5 are the industrys leading client/server combination for collaborative messaging and e-business solutions. 3] The IBM Netfinity server offers solutions for file-and-print and application computing needs. 4] A computer or de vice on a network that manages network resources. For example, a file server is a computer and storage device dedicated to storing files. Any user on the network can store files on the server. A print server is a computer that manages one or more printers, and a network server is a computer that manages network traffic. A database server is a computer system that processes database queries. 5] DaimlerChrysler AG was the result of a merger between two leading car manufacturers – Daimler Benz of Germany and Chrysler Corp. of the US in 1998. 6] A luxury brand of passenger cars, Sports Utility Vehicles from DaimlerChrysler. 7] IBM Global Services is the services and consultancy division of IBM Corp. that offers extensive ebusiness solutions. 8] MBUSA is the wholly owned US subsidiary of DaimlerChrylser. ] ERP attempts to integrate all departments and functions across a company onto a single computer system that can serve all those different departments particular needs. 10] A server-based data distribution product that enables data exchange between Lotus Domino and a number of host and relational applications. 11] A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or f rom a private network. Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and software. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet users from accessing private networks connected to the Internet, especially intranets. All messages entering or leaving the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks those that do not meet the specified security criteria. 12] The IBM S/390 servers offer direct high speed access to the e-business application and are used for Enterprise Computing. 13] A dedicated phone connection supporting data rates of 1. 544 Mbits per second. A T1 Line actually consists of 24 individual channels, each of which supports 64 Kbits per second. Each 64 Kbit per second channel can be configured to voice or data traffic. 14] The NRT Server System supports real time distribution of near-real time data. 5] Real time refers to events simulated by a computer at the same speed that they would occur in real life. 16] Executing a series of noninteractive jobs all at one time. The term dates back to the days when users entered programs on punch cards. They gave a batch of these programmed cards to the system operator, who fed them into the computer. Usually, batch jo bs are stored up during working hours and then executed whenever the computer is idle. Batch processing is particularly useful for operations that require the computer or a peripheral device for an extended period of time. Once a batch job begins, it continues until it is done or until an error occurs. Note that batch processing implies that there is no interaction with the user while the program is being executed. 17] The ERP tables are the database tables, (thousands of them), on which the package is built. The programmers and end users must set these tables to match their business processes. Each table has a decision „switchthat leads the software down one decision path or another. 18] EDI connects all the suppliers in and out of the US. www. icmrindia. org/free resources/casestudies/Mercedes Benz-ITSystems-Case Studies. htm

Free Essays on Convergence

In today’s growing world of computer technology we are starting to see many new uses of digital computer technology being applied to existent products, and creating new better products. Those products in fact get combined and integrated into still other products. Just think of the telephone. Once, the earpiece and the microphone piece were separate. Today they come in a variety of flavors. All the telephones have the ear and mouth piece attached together, most telephones have a digital dial pad instead of the old spinning disk thingy that one had to spin around and watch it slowly spin back for every number dialed. Answering machines, which are completely different devices sometimes come built into the telephone. Also, the radio technology is implemented to bring us a new and convenient way to walk around our house with the cordless phone. All these things make our lifestyle more convenient and efficient. Bill Howard talks about his visions for new products in the nea r future due to convergence of current computer technology and other electronic multimedia devices in this article. Bill envisions that â€Å"Your computer, your stereo gear, you cell phone, your PDA, and your telephone are going to start looking like and working with each other†. It all sounds very realistic. I already use my computer as a stereo, and a phone. In fact, I almost never use my old stereo to listen to music and I make all of my long distance phone calls over a new service called Dialpad.com. The reason that I can’t use it as a PDA or a cell phone is that they are still too big to be portable. Once a computer is developed the size of today’s PDAs with the power of a good desktop it will become possible. Of course some of the other devices will be eliminated, like any form of floppy drives or even tape drives. Both will be replaced by DVD-RAM drives that will be able to rewrite to a DVD ROM a very large amount of times. Bill concentrates... Free Essays on Convergence Free Essays on Convergence In today’s growing world of computer technology we are starting to see many new uses of digital computer technology being applied to existent products, and creating new better products. Those products in fact get combined and integrated into still other products. Just think of the telephone. Once, the earpiece and the microphone piece were separate. Today they come in a variety of flavors. All the telephones have the ear and mouth piece attached together, most telephones have a digital dial pad instead of the old spinning disk thingy that one had to spin around and watch it slowly spin back for every number dialed. Answering machines, which are completely different devices sometimes come built into the telephone. Also, the radio technology is implemented to bring us a new and convenient way to walk around our house with the cordless phone. All these things make our lifestyle more convenient and efficient. Bill Howard talks about his visions for new products in the nea r future due to convergence of current computer technology and other electronic multimedia devices in this article. Bill envisions that â€Å"Your computer, your stereo gear, you cell phone, your PDA, and your telephone are going to start looking like and working with each other†. It all sounds very realistic. I already use my computer as a stereo, and a phone. In fact, I almost never use my old stereo to listen to music and I make all of my long distance phone calls over a new service called Dialpad.com. The reason that I can’t use it as a PDA or a cell phone is that they are still too big to be portable. Once a computer is developed the size of today’s PDAs with the power of a good desktop it will become possible. Of course some of the other devices will be eliminated, like any form of floppy drives or even tape drives. Both will be replaced by DVD-RAM drives that will be able to rewrite to a DVD ROM a very large amount of times. Bill concentrates...